Which two factors combine to form an author’s purpose for writing a text?

An author’s purpose for writing a text is usually shaped by two key factors: the goal or objective they aim to achieve and the audience for whom the text is intended.

1. The Author’s Intent

• This refers to what the author aims to accomplish through their writing. It answers the question: Why is the author writing?
• Common purposes include:
  • To inform: Provide factual information or explain a topic.
    Example: A textbook chapter on photosynthesis explains how plants convert sunlight into energy.
  • To persuade: Convince readers to adopt a viewpoint or take action.
    Example: An opinion editorial advocating for renewable energy sources.
  • To entertain: Engage readers through storytelling, humor, or emotional resonance.
    Example: A fantasy novel that immerses readers in a fictional world.
  • To express: Share personal experiences, thoughts, or emotions.
    Example: A memoir about overcoming significant life challenges.

2. The Target Audience

• The intended audience influences how the author crafts their message. Authors adjust tone, style, and content based on who they are writing for.
  • Children: Simplified language, engaging visuals, or playful storytelling.
    Example: A children’s book about kindness might use rhymes and colorful illustrations.
  • Scholars: Formal tone, technical language, and detailed evidence.
    Example: A research paper on climate change includes data analysis and citations.
  • General public: Accessible language and relatable examples.
    Example: A magazine article about healthy eating uses straightforward tips and stories.

Interaction of Intent and Audience

For example:

• A science writer crafting an article for a general audience (intent: inform, audience: laypeople) will simplify complex ideas using analogies and avoid jargon.
• The same writer addressing a professional audience (intent: inform, audience: scientists) will use precise terminology and detailed methodology.

Conclusion

An author’s purpose arises from the blend of why they write and who they write for. Recognizing these factors helps readers understand the text’s message and intent.